Netilmicin Sulfate Injection

## Composition and Pharmacology

– **Netilmicin Sulfate Injection** is available in concentrations of **25 mg/ml** and **100 mg/ml**, containing netilmicin sulfate as the active ingredient and benzyl alcohol as a preservative  .

– It is classified as an **aminoglycoside antibacterial** with a pharmacodynamic profile that includes rapid absorption via parenteral routes, achieving peak serum concentrations within **30-40 minutes**  .

– The mean plasma half-life is approximately **2.5 hours**, with variations based on patient conditions  .

– Netilmicin is primarily excreted through the kidneys, with about **80%** of the dose appearing unchanged in urine within **24 hours**  .

## Indications and Usage

– Netilmicin Injection is indicated for serious bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms, including **Escherichia coli**, **Klebsiella**, **Pseudomonas aeruginosa**, and **Staphylococcus** species  .

– Clinical applications include treatment for **complicated urinary tract infections**, **bacteremia**, **skin infections**, and **respiratory tract infections**, among others  .

– It is recommended as initial therapy for suspected Gram-negative infections, often in combination with other antibiotics  .

## Contraindications and Drug Interactions

– **Hypersensitivity** to netilmicin or other aminoglycosides is a contraindication  .

– Caution is advised when used with other **neurotoxic** or **nephrotoxic** drugs, as well as with potent diuretics  .

– Monitoring is essential due to potential interactions that may enhance toxicity  .

## Warnings and Precautions

– Patients should be closely monitored for **nephrotoxicity** and **ototoxicity**, particularly those with pre-existing renal issues or receiving high doses   .

– Regular assessments of renal function and auditory capabilities are recommended during treatment   .

## Dosage and Administration

– The recommended dosage for adults is **4.0 – 6.0 mg/kg/day**, with adjustments based on renal function and infection severity  .

– For patients with renal impairment, dosage adjustments are crucial, and serum concentrations should be monitored   .

– Pediatric dosing varies, with specific guidelines for neonates and children  .

## Side Effects

– Common side effects include mild **nephrotoxicity** and low incidence of **neurotoxicity**   .

– Rare adverse reactions may include headache, malaise, and local injection site pain  .

## Special Populations

– **Pregnant women** should be informed of potential fetal risks, as aminoglycosides can cause congenital deafness  .

– **Elderly patients** and children are at higher risk for nephrotoxicity and require careful monitoring  .

## Storage and Presentation

– Store in a **cool, dry place** away from light, and keep out of reach of children   .