Composition and Clinical Pharmacology

– **Thiamine Injection BP** contains **100 mg/ml** of Thiamine Hydrochloride and Water for Injection  .

– Thiamine acts as a **coenzyme** in carbohydrate metabolism, essential for converting glucose into energy  .

– Deficiency can lead to conditions such as **beriberi** and **Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome**, with symptoms appearing after 2-3 weeks of inadequate intake  .

## Clinical Efficacy and Safety

– Parenteral thiamine administration can rapidly reverse symptoms of severe deficiencies  .

– The treatment is crucial for preventing irreversible CNS damage in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome  .

– Adverse effects are rare but can include **injection site pain**, **contact dermatitis**, and **anaphylactic reactions**   .

## Pharmacokinetics

– **Absorption**: Thiamine is well absorbed in the small intestine; absorption is affected by ethanol and malnutrition  .

– **Distribution**: It binds to plasma proteins and is widely distributed in body tissues  .

– **Elimination**: Thiamine is metabolized in the liver, with little unchanged thiamine excreted in urine  .

## Indications and Usage

– Indicated for the prevention and treatment of **vitamin B1 deficiencies**, including beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome  .

## Contraindications and Drug Interactions

– Contraindicated in patients with **hypersensitivity** to thiamine or excipients  .

– Certain medications, like **5-fluorouracil** and **diuretics**, may decrease thiamine’s effectiveness  .

## Warnings and Precautions

– Parenteral use should be reserved for cases requiring rapid restoration of thiamine  .

– Anaphylactic reactions can occur; emergency equipment should be available during administration  .

– Slow intravenous administration is recommended to minimize adverse reactions  .

## Dosage and Administration

– **Adults**: For mild deficiency, 100 mg orally daily; for severe cases, 100-300 mg by injection   .

– **Pediatric**: Limited experience; starting doses range from 10-25 mg   .

– **Elderly and Renal Impairment**: No dose adjustments recommended, but caution is advised   .

## Pregnancy and Lactation

– Thiamine can be used during pregnancy if necessary, with caution  .

– Excretion in breast milk is noted; effects on infants are not fully established  .

## Storage and Presentation

– Store protected from light and out of reach of children  .

– Available in **5x1ml ampoules**